How Do Watermakers Work?

While once the domain of larger yachts, today’s well-engineered and dependable watermakers have trickled down in both size and affordability.

Now that you have decided to purchase your new boat or contemplated an overdue retrofit, you just need to identify what you can and cannot do without.

Easier said than done. Practicality is not the province of a boat owner (a reason you initially partook in the lifestyle). However, should you find yourself taking long weekends away from your home dock or cruising in search of new horizons, you may want to think about installing a watermaker. But before we dive into several systems from a variety of manufacturers, let’s take a look at how they work.

Under Pressure

If you still remember some of your high school science facts, you might manage to dredge up something about semipermeable membranes and the process of reverse osmosis. The former is a structure allowing certain molecules—for our discussion, water particles—to pass through but not others. The latter is the actual procedure.

To boil things down then, watermakers take in salt water and, under pressure of about +/-800 psi, force it through a semi-permeable membrane. The result on the other side is the fresh water molecules. Everything else (contaminants) is held back. The impurities are then pumped overboard, and a new measure of salt water is introduced. In the end, about 10 percent of the original amount is retained. This last fact will be important to help you select the right unit to fit your needs in terms of how much water you actually require.

“As you operate a watermaker while underway or dockside and, depending on the kind of water you are running in, you may have to adjust the pressure your particular unit is operating at,” says Greg Newman, the East Coast, Caribbean, and South America sales manager for Parker Hannifin, Sea Recovery’s parent company. “This prevents you from overflowing your system.” In other words, it avoids making more water than you need and putting unwanted stress on the system.

Dialed In

Consider an automated unit to prevent unnecessary trips to the engine room. In fact, a remote touchscreen control panel is definitely the way to go. “You can start it up from this panel and monitor all the functions and even use your iPhone if you have our system connected to the network,” says Dometic’s Ben Koppenhoefer. “Every machine we make can be mounted in a frame-style design and bolted together. Additionally, we can take it apart for remote mounting. This is especially helpful for any new boat options list where the vessel presents limited space. This especially holds true for boat owners who are considering retrofitting as well.”

As the heart of any of these systems are its membranes, and as most manufacturers agree that the pressure limit should be around 850 psi, the flow rate limit comes into
play. “It’s important to know the rate of your particular unit. For example, if you are running your watermaker at 1gpm and you hit your threshold before the 850-psi mark, there is no need to ramp things up as this will put unwanted stress on the membrane,” explains Koppenhoefer. “It all depends on the kind of water you are in, and there is a big difference between brackish and saltwater areas.”

Power Up

The majority of watermakers will require an AC generator for power. With the wide variety, size, and output available, you’ll find a unit for your needs. Maintenance involves two basic actions: changing the oil in the high-pressure pump, usually after 500 hours, and the freshwater flush filter at four-month intervals.

The membranes have longevity—5 to 10 years is expected— but for a complete regimen, follow manufacturer recommendations. “With our units and during general operation, for example, we have auto alarms for dirty pre- and regular filters that will turn the unit off and indicate it’s time for a change,” says Newman. “The system will also divert any dirty water on startup to discharge and keep only the freshest for use aboard.” To keep the membrane from fouling, your system must have an automatic back-flushing mode that will take care of this on a weekly basis.

Today, watermakers are high-tech, sophisticated, safe, and simple. Most are NMEA 2000 compatible, have a touchscreen interface displays or remote controls. With the wide the selection available, it is just a matter of choosing the right one for your needs.

By Ken Kreisler, Southern Boating March 2019

Return to the Haul Out Guide

Elco Electric Motoryachts

Is There an Electric Outboard in Your Future?

Given the dire warnings about climate change, in the National Climate Assessment released last November by the United States Global Change Research Program, it would seem any skippers with the ability to cut back their carbon footprint might be thinking about doing so.

That said, it’s likely that even bigger changes, beyond the individual efforts to save the planet, are ahead for boaters, especially should we grow less dependent on gas and oil. The use of solar energy, for example, is bound to become a more integral part of the on-water experience, and electric motors are making significant inroads.

Elco Motor Yachts

That last point is one that Elco Motor Yachts, LLC has been working toward for 125 years. Located in the Northeast, not far from the Hudson River in Athens, New York, the company has been making electric inboard and outboard motors as well as custom boats since 1893. In fact, Elco boats ferried more than a million people at the Chicago World’s Fair that year and the builder launched 55 original models. Today, Elco offers electric motor systems ranging from 6- to 100-hp on the inboard side and from 5- to 50-hp in outboard options, including three new outboard models released this past fall: the EP5, EP30, and EP50.

“Our outboards have been receiving a lot of interest over the past few years,” explains Dean Heinemann, director of sales at Elco. “We use a design that looks like a traditional gas outboard and any of our models can be used with a port or starboard side mount, a top mount, a dual-throttle system, or even a conversion kit to keep your current throttle system intact. All are saltwater ready and available with long or short shafts and tiller or remote throttle control.”

According to Heinemann, Elco’s outboards feature all-aluminum casting for superior strength. The new EL5 runs on 24 volts and pushes a 10-foot dinghy with ease while the EL50, by comparison, matches up well with larger craft, including pontoon boats to 36 feet in length. “Any vessel on which you’ll run the engine from 3 to 8 hours a day is a good candidate for an electric motor,” says Heinemann. “That’s how long you have before the batteries need recharging.”

Why Electric?

But really, why would electric motors catch on now after having been available for more than a century with minimal fanfare? “The car market has helped bring electric motors into focus,” says Heinemann. “People are now seeing the benefits of electric motors on a regular basis. They are quiet, clean and efficient. They have zero exhaust and a very small carbon footprint if the batteries are charged with solar or wind power.”

Furthermore, points out Heinemann, electric outboards have no transmission, so they require almost no maintenance and allow northeast boaters, in particular, to easily extend their boating season. “We have New England customers running vessels into late December whereas gas engines just don’t love the cold,” he says. Size-, weight- and price-wise, electric outboards these days fall within roughly 10 percent of gas motors, but that’s not counting battery purchase or a battery banks’ weight. Both of those factors are offset to some degree by not having to purchase or carry a fuel tank, but the bigger you go, the more voltage you’ll need. Elco’s EP5 is a 24-volt unit. Their 9.9-, 14- and 20-hp outboards run on 48 volts. The 30- and 50-hp motors require 96 volts.

“Think of battery purchase as paying for your fuel in advance,” suggests Heinemann. “It is an investment both in your boating pleasure and the environment, but if you go with high quality, deep-cycle AGM battery, it might last for six to eight years. Lithium batteries, which are newer to the market, can last as long as twenty years.”

By Tom Schlichter, Southern Boating February 2019

Electric Power for Boats

Changing the future: Electric Power for Boats

Electric power for boats is a viable, emission-free propulsion alternative in certain applications.

A lot has happened since Ben Franklin first captured lightning in a bottle. Consider, if you will, these four remarkable technological advancements that led to electric power for boats:

—Enlil, a vertical access wind turbine manufactured by Turkish company Deucei Tech and installed on the medians of major highways, harnesses the energy via the wind generated by passing traffic at the rate of one kilowatt per hour.

—South Korea’s Sihwa Lake Tidal Power Station, the largest in the world with a seawall containing 10 turbines, generates some 254 megawatts of electrical power. A megawatt, by the way, translates to one million watts.

—Regardless of what you think of its controversial founder, mention Tesla and images of electrically powered cars dominating the roadways in the near future come to mind.

—Global industrial giant Siemens teamed up with Norway’s Fjellstrand shipyard to develop and build a 262-foot-long, electrically operated emission-free ferry, in service since 2015, that can accommodate 360 passengers and 120 vehicles.

To the point, it’s not too much of a stretch for new, technologically driven ideas to find their way into the marine industry to harness electrical power and make some practical applications possible.

Dasher

Enter Hinckley’s Dasher: the world’s first, fully electric yacht. This 28-foot, 6-inch beauty was introduced in 2017 at the Newport Boat Show. Utilizing cutting-edge technology such as 3D printing to shape finite details and a carbon-epoxy composite hull, Dasher was designed and built expressly for Hinckley’s Whisper Drive silent propulsion system.

It makes use of twin Torqeedo Deep Blue 80-hp electric motors, a pair of 50-amp dock chargers, two BMW i3 lithium-ion batteries, and is able to cruise at 10 mph with a fast cruise between 18 and 27 mph. According to Hinckley, the range for the former is approximately 40 miles and 20-25 miles for the latter. Plus, her charging system can fully charge the batteries in about four hours.

Greenline Yachts

Greenline Yachts offers four of their models as hybrids; that is, its yachts utilize solar, electric and diesel power and range in size from 33, 39, 40, and 48 feet. Its NEO model, offered in coupe, hardtop and open at 32 feet, 9 inches, is available in either traditional outboard power or an eDrive system. A pair of 80-hp Torqeedo Deep Blue engines is coupled with two high-performance lithium batteries for a total of 61kWh.

According to Greenline, this allows for a maximum range of 40 nm at an economical 6-knot turn of speed. At full throttle, NEO’s eDrive will reach a top speed of 16 knots with a range of 20 nm. As well, its larger boats make use of its Hybrid Drive.

Combined with efficient hull design, this part of the lineup combines three energy sources: inverter with lithium storage batteries, inboard diesel power with a generator and a solar roof array. The electric motors and diesel engines are both connected to the prop shaft.

Nova Luxe

New to the electric scene and willing to position himself for the upswing is Marc Hawkshurst of Nova Luxe Yachts, who chooses stable, efficient catamaran hulls from builders such as Aquila, Fountaine Pajot, Endeavour, and Maine Cat. The Nova Luxe vision is to design and build its vessels with alternative power always in mind, which means using the latest technologies to maximize performance, including the use of strong, lightweight building materials and resin infusion.

Nova Luxe used the proven Torqeedo 80-hp Deep Blue electric engines and the i3 BMW batteries, combined with a solar array and a generator, for its first entry into this sector with an Aquila 44.

The owner chose the boat for its three-cabin layout and wide beam. The vessel’s diesel engines were replaced with new electric engines. The roof now accommodates large solar panels. Once completed—a launch date in early 2019 is possible—with a pair of 30kW batteries (60kW total), she will have the ability to cruise at a 6-knot turn of speed and can run all day using 25kW.

In addition, the solar array, on a sunny day, is capable of an additional 30kW of power aboard. With the Whisper Systems DC diesel generator going directly to the batteries at the rate of 25kW per hour, the operating time can extend to a week of efficient running. While it’s not a speed demon, the yacht is the first step in Nova Luxe’s ambitious plans for the future.

The future is electric power for boats

With these examples and the many others who have already made inroads in this direction, innovators hope to go with all-electric boat designs in the future. Accomplishing this will take efforts to bring about improvements and advancements to put forward commercially viable options that are both efficient and practical for certain boaters.

While I seriously doubt we will see 40+ knot sportfish boats running offshore, the possibilities still exist for some real changes that will positively affect our industry—and the environment.

By Ken Kreisler, Southern Boating January 2019

Davit Maintenance

Keep your lift in tip-top shape with some davit maintenance

Davits work on boats without fanfare. Akin to heads and air conditioning, no one thinks about davits unless they break. But a davit with a hitch or one that won’t run at all is a major hassle that can ruin a weekend. It’s a sad sight to see a pair of personal watercraft or a tender stuck on a flybridge, high and dry, when there are islands to explore.

Boats larger than 60 feet often need a davit to deploy the tender—it’s often not a luxury but a necessity to get to shore. An 800-pound tender hanging at the end of a 10-foot davit boom is a big structural load vulnerable to forces of wind and sea. It’s easy to see why the routine davit maintenance is vitally important, and why it’s crucial to quickly transfer the tender from one place to another.

Over the past 20 years, hydraulic davits have become the standard on boats and displaced manual boom davits with electric winches. “The market is now hydraulic davits because it’s easier for the operator to use,” explains Garnett Byrd, president of MarQuipt, based in Pompano Beach, Florida. “Electronic drum winches are loud and subject to bird nesting where the cable wraps around on itself, while hydraulics are quiet, and the linear cable system keeps the cable from wrapping on a drum. You can add power rotation, and the boom can elevate and extend while the tender is in the air to increase flexibility and ease of use. All those features add up fast to make hydraulics preferable.”

Use it or Lose it

Exercising your davit offers a host of advantages and helps you notice a potential problem. Running it lubricates all the internal parts, including the valves, pistons, cylinders, and seals. The easiest davit maintenance? Run the davit weekly, or even monthly, to avoid problems well before they start. “Problems can arise from an incomplete freshwater wash down,” says Byrd. “Remember to rinse the inside of the davit and not just the outside of the davit. Shoot fresh water through the head of the davit when on an angle so it washes down the inside components (cable, pulley sheaves, fittings, hydraulic cylinder bodies, etc).”

Be careful not to overload the davit. Know its lifting weight capability and also the weight of the tender complete with engine, fuel, fresh water, battery, fire extinguisher, and options such as a trolling motor and outboard engine jack.

Exercising the davit also helps keep you trained and ready for proper operation. If the first time you use the davit to launch a tender is in a remote location, this is a recipe for disaster. You can operate remote models with one hand, but it’s important to be comfortable with the operation before you attempt a lift.

The Issues

Davits may have by three types of problems: electrical, hydraulic and mechanical. How boat owners and operators address these problems depends upon the urgency of the situation. Is it something you discovered at the dock during downtime, or are you on a cruise and need to fix the problem to stay operational? “Electrical problems can often be the simplest things,” Byrd explains. “The first place to look is where you plug in your controller; check the male and female connection points.

This may be more troubleshooting than davit maintenance, but if one function gives you a problem, check the wires on the back and make sure they are connected and not broken. Spray corrosion inhibitor on the connections as a routine maintenance function to make sure that doesn’t become a problem.”

With hydraulic issues, air or debris that gets into the lines can hinder operation. “Hitching, balky or inconsistent movement may be a sign that air or debris has gotten into hydraulic oil,” says Byrd and adds that low hydraulic oil can contribute to these problems. “A little piece of debris in the system can intermittently prohibit the flow of oil to the valves. Maintain fluid levels by checking the hydraulic power unit and run the davit regularly.

The Solutions

If you have the skill, disassemble the valve and look inside for obstruction. Keep an eye out for leaks—obviously, any oil leak is a sign something is wrong.” Byrd suggests that boat owners can perform basic davit maintenance, such as the addition of hydraulic fluid, inspection of electrical connections and lifting cables for mechanical problems. But a qualified marine service yard should handle more advanced mechanical jobs such as the replacement of said cable or hydraulic lines and flushing and changing hydraulic oil.

As a final tip, when you rinse the outside of the davit, keep an eye for chipped or peeled paint. “Davits are typically painted aluminum, and we have isolation between dissimilar metals like stainless steel nuts, bolts and screws,” says Byrd. “If there are any paint scratches or chips, make sure you touch up those areas to avoid long-term paint oxidization.”

By Don Minikus, Southern Boating November 2018

New Power Products

For faster, more comfortable and more economical boating, equip your vessel with the most advanced power options available.

In addition to boat builders, marine equipment manufacturers—from propulsion to stabilization to desalination—utilize boat shows to debut their new power products.

Some are kept under wraps so manufacturers can launch them with great fanfare and buzz at shows like the Fort Lauderdale International Boat Show. But if you couldn’t make it, here is a showcase of some of the latest power products introduced in 2018.

Propulsion

Yamaha V8 XTO Offshore

The Yamaha V8 XTO Offshore features a first-of-its-kind electric steering system. Rather than the typical electro-hydraulic setup, the integrated steering system directly moves the outboard to deliver secure, precise and responsive steering that is leak free, consumes less power and with its streamlined rigging, reduces maintenance. The 425-hp, 32-valve, 5.6-liter, four-stroke engine utilizes a direct injection powerhead to maximize power and efficiency, and its three-stage fuel pump system incorporates two independent, rpm-activated fuel pumps to create high injection pressures to maximize atomization. The XTO Offshore is compatible with the Helm Master Setpoint suite of functions that includes the ability to adjust heading and position while in StayPoint, FishPoint or DriftPoint modes, as well as troll below standard in-gear troll, speeds with the new Pattern Shift function. It’s also compatible with Yamaha’s CL7 7-inch touchscreen display that monitors vital boat functions and performance. yamahaoutboards.com

MAN Engines

MAN Engines introduces the MAN V12-2000, the only twelve-cylinder V engine with
2,000 horsepower (1,471 kW) to date, and the V8-1300 (956 kW), the strongest for yachts and sportfishing boats. The installation dimensions are compact (5’8” L x 3’9” W x 4’ H for the V8-1300), and the dry weights of 2,380 kg (V12-2000) and 1,880 kg
(V8-1300) contribute to a lower power/weight ratio. Through a series of modifications,
MAN engineers managed to add 100 horsepower compared to the previous, most powerful V12 and V8 engines from their range. An improved injection system, new turbocharger, newly developed cylinder heads, an adjusted cooling system, and a new crankcase ensures high performance throughout the engine’s long service. The engines run quietly and with low fuel consumption. Both engines meet the currently applicable emissions requirements U.S. EPA Tier 3 as well as IMO Tier II. engines.man.eu

Mercury Marine

Mercury Marine unveiled a new V6 3.4-liter outboard engine system earlier this year. In one of the largest, single new-product development programs in Mercury’s 80-year history, the Wisconsin-based company set a new benchmark with the recent introduction of the V8 4.6-liter platform. Available in the 250- and 300-hp Verado and FourStroke models and the 225-300-hp Pro XS and SeaPro models, as well as their racing engines, the new outboards, offer the performance, fuel efficiency and ruggedness demanded by professional anglers, the commercial segment and the avid boater. The Verado is equipped with Adaptive Speed Control for increased throttle response, noise, vibration and heat reduction for an ultra-quiet ride, an advanced midsection that delivers minimal vibration, and is compatible with the Mercury Joystick Piloting system. mercurymarine.com

Seven Marine

Seven Marine introduced its new line of outboards this past spring that takes the aluminum engines to a greater power. The new 527, 577s and 627sv each have supercharged, smallblock V8s with water-cooled stainless headers that deliver powerful acceleration and improved fuel economy. The outboards have a choice of gearcase setups to optimize cruise efficiency and low speed control based on the boat’s speed range—the new CR gearcase incorporates two contra-rotating propellers for boats with top speeds less than 60 mph, and the CT is for boats with top speeds greater than 85 mph. A new Quick-Start technology allows rapid automatic fuel system priming at the turn of a key, and the ZF Marine transmission includes inboard-style wet disc clutches, integrated trolling functionality and smooth, progressive shifting. seven-marine.com

Generators

Phasor Marine

Phasor Marine has been manufacturing generators for 28 years and introduces a new compact model at the Fort Lauderdale International Boat Show. The K3-15.0 kW is powered by a Kubota diesel engine, and the single bearing, direct coupled, brushless generator measures 37.5″L x 24″W x 28″H with a powder-coated aluminum, sound-attenuated enclosure. The unit includes a safety shutdown system, U.S.C.G.- approved fuel lines and Awl-Craft urethane finish. phasormarine.com

Stabilizers

Seaskeeper 2

Seakeeper now has a stabilizer for almost every size boat. Its groundbreaking Seakeeper 3 was a big step to stabilize boats in the 30-foot range, but now, they’ve made one that works on smaller boats. The Seaskeeper 2 became available in April and can eliminate up to 95 percent of boat roll on 27- to 32-foot vessels. The stabilizer weighs 414 pounds and measures 24x25x20 inches. The Seakeeper 2 runs exclusively on 12-volt DC power and because of its size can be installed almost anywhere, including as a leaning post replacement that can be integrated with no major structural modifications. A newly designed touchscreen control panel with an intuitive user interface allows users to capture real-time performance information. seakeeper.com

Refrigeration

Indel Webasto Marine

The Isotherm Clean Touch Stainless Steel Refrigerator by Indel Webasto Marine features a high-tech coating that remains clean to the touch, is scratch and abrasion resistant and provides protection from salt spray, sun, heat, UV light, and condensation in the marine environment. The Cruise 130 Elegance Clean Touch refrigerator is the latest in the line and has a thicker door than traditional refrigerators, so it better retains the cold and provides greater energy efficiency and performance. An innovative internal anchoring system allows flush or proud mounting with or without a flange for a wide range of design options. The new Isotherm Cruise Clean Touch Stainless Steel refrigerators are also available in the 42, 49, 65, and 85 models. indelwebastomarine.com

Water Treatment

Dometic

The new Dometic Spot Zero SZ Mobile Washdown System is a freshwater reverse osmosis syste. It’sdesigned for boats 60 feet and less that don’t have the space for a built-in, onboard system. The compact, portable design removes up to 99 percent of total dissolved solids (TDS) from freshwater dock sources from around the world that have varying water quality characteristics, pressures and temperatures. Dried dissolved solids in water leave water spots, so removing them allows for a spot-free washdown. The Spot Zero system takes water that’s typically a few hundred parts per million (ppm) down to 10-20 ppm. It utilizes the most advanced reverse osmosis technology for pure water from a potable source that can fill the water tank and also lets water-sprayed surfaces dry clean. spotzerowater.com

FCI

For larger boats, the FCI DTS+SOLO is specifically designed to treat dock water and can produce 2,000 or 3,000 gallons per day. The DTS (Dockside Treatment System)+Solo is a stand-alone dockside water purifying unit. It uses a granular activated carbon and sediment filter that produces purified drinking, cooking, and bath water from a dockside source. The system eliminates viruses, bacteria and cysts and removes up to 99 percent of total dissolved solids. The DTS+Solo uses utilizes FCI’s exclusive HMI/PLC touch control system and the DTS+SOLO’s compact, modular design allows it to mount almost anywhere. fciwatermakers.com

Climate Control

Webasto

Open cockpit, sterndrive boats can now have a fully integrated, engine-driven air conditioning with optional heating system. Webasto Thermo & Comfort North America and Volvo Penta of the Americas unveiled the modular Webasto Breeze system that provides ambient cooling and heating. The entire system is 12 VDC and eliminates the need for an auxiliary generator. Webasto Breeze puts out 7,000 BTU of ambient comfort at idle or slow speeds and up to 30,000 BTU at higher engine rpms. It is controlled by a simple dash-mounted unit with three fan speeds and a mode switch. The first U.S. boatbuilder to offer the system is Four Winns, which introduces it as an option on their HD270 model. webasto.com

By Steve Davis, Southern Boating November 2018

Stabilizers for Any Size

Whether your boat is small or yacht-sized, adding stabilizers may make seasickness a thing of the past.

Waves make boats rock and roll, even in relatively calm conditions. For centuries, mariners have endured the pitch, roll and yaw and the seasickness they produce. The only way to get over the nausea was to get off the boat and onto land until it passed. But thanks to technology from new stabilizers, ingenuity and inventors’ commitment to “build a better mousetrap,” new products have been developed that counteract the forces of nature.

There are a number of companies that manufacture boat stabilization systems. We recently learned about developments from two of them that are making waves (pardon the pun) in the industry. Both stabilizers can be installed on new boats, or they can be retrofitted onto an existing boat by a technician recommended by the manufacturer. In other words, there’s no excuse to continue exposing you or your guests to the dreaded mal de mer.

Seakeeper 2

Recently released at the 2018 Miami International Boat Show, Seakeeper’s newest model is their smallest stabilizers to date. According to the manufacturer, the Seakeeper 2 is
designed to eliminate up to 95 percent of boat roll on boats as small as 27 feet LOA. “The Seakeeper 2 is the first of our products to reach down into the 20-foot boat market,
and we will continue to expand into new areas to ultimately change the way the world
boats,” says Seakeeper Chief Operating Officer Andrew Semprevivo in a press release. “We have a relentless drive of bringing stabilization to the masses.” The unit will utilize
the newly designed touchscreen control panel with an intuitive user interface and allow users to capture real-time performance information.

The Seakeeper 2 is 25 percent lighter (414 lbs.) and 22 percent smaller (24.8″L x 25.5″W x 20″H) than the next smallest model, the Seakeeper 3. Consequently, the unit’s small size allows for a number of installation configurations depending on the boat model. Many consumers, for example, opt for a leaning post replacement because it can be installed without any major structural modifications.

Expect the demand for the Seakeeper 2 to be significant. The Mohnton, Pennsylvania factory expanded to meet increased demand, and shipments
are anticipated to start in April. The Seakeeper 2 will run exclusively on 12-volt DC power and costs $22,700. Founded in 2003, Seakeeper, Inc. sold their first gyrostabilizer in 2008.

Gyro-Gale Tab-Fin

This family-owned and operated company based in Stuart, Florida, was founded in 1976. Gyro-Gale manufactures air-operated gyrostabilizers that use external fins to divert water
in order to stabilize the boat. Traditionally, fins have been a single foil that only drives the water in one direction; however, the basic principle of marine stabilization is to quickly and efficiently push against the water to provide lift. Gyro-Gale spent five years developing a fin that would divert the water not only faster and better but also
drive it more efficiently.

The Gyro-Gale Tab-Fin is a hinged, two-part fin, that drives water in two directions as opposed to just one. The tab is mechanically connected at the end of the fin and rotates on a pivot point. The Tab-Fin stabilizers create three times the amount of lift as compared with a traditional fin of equal size. “Traditional fins are a single foil that only drives the water in one direction. Ours drives the water in two directions,” explains Zeyad Metwally, Gyro-Gale Stabilizer’s vice president of engineering.

“So, if you’re in five-foot seas and taking waves directly on the beam, you’ll find the Tab-Fin system is not only going to stop the roll faster but also smoother. We’re driving water in two directions so it’s more effective and creates a high amount of lift.”

Metwally says the benefits to the Tab-Fin are many. Since they work more efficiently,
the fins no longer need to deflect as much water in order to generate the required
lift, so there’s no added drag and stress on the hull. The fins also do not need to
be as large. Generally speaking, boats with traditional fins can upgrade to new Tab-Fins.

The proof is in the pudding

For skeptics, the proof is in the feedback from delighted— and seasick-free—customers. Metwally says the Gyro-Gale Tab-Fin is installed on at least 15 boats that range in size from 42 to 82 feet. The owner of an 80-foot Lazarra upgraded to the Tab-Fin stabilizers system and noticed an immediate improvement in performance on his two-week, 1,400 nm journey from Tampa, Florida, to Annapolis, Maryland, in weather that “had a little bit of everything.”

The owner of an 82-foot Sunseeker claimed the boat actually gained two knots of speed, while a Grand Banks owner said the result was spectacular, even with over five-foot waves on the beam. “It’s a simple change that makes sense,” says Metwally. Sometimes, the simple solutions work the best.

By L.N. Evans, Southern Boating April 2018

Want to see another stabilizer?

Check out the Davis Instruments Stabilizer

Exhaust System Maintenance

Before the heat of summer sets in, make sure your boat engine’s cooling and exhaust system will stay cool.

After a long, cold winter and a chilly, wet spring, the first thing people want is warm weather. A boat engine wants heat, too, to run smoothly. But its exhaust system needs to keep things cool to prevent overheating. Or the possibility of serious damage to the engine or generator.

“The little time that it takes to check your exhaust components can save you lots of time and trouble down the road,” says Bill Arwood of Centek Industries. “If you notice discoloration, salt deposits or even shriveled labels on any part of your exhaust system, you need to find the underlying cause and address it immediately. Depending on the materials used in the construction of your exhaust components, your risk can run from a little time in a repair shop to a catastrophic failure on the water.”

Keep it Cool

Engines run hot and the exhaust system is designed to take most toxic gases and fumes away from the boat (and its occupants) and cool them down before they’re discharged out into the air or water. The exhaust system also muffles engine noise as well as reduce exhaust emissions—e.g., carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides—in order to meet environmental regulations.

To help keep the engine at its optimum running temperature, a water-cooled exhaust system cools both the engine and the exhaust by pumping raw water through a system, most likely a heat exchanger, that uses the water to transfer away excess heat and is then pumped out the exhaust system. Although some inboard engines use an air-cooled or dry exhaust system, most marine engines use a wet exhaust system where water is injected into the exhaust system to cool down the gases (as well as decrease the system’s inherent noise) that are then discharged through the exhaust outlet. Both sides of the cooling system require an inspection to avoid an overheated engine and prevent exhaust leaks.

On the Front End

The beginning of the inboard engine’s cooling process begins with the raw water intake strainer and pump. It’s not just seaweed and debris but also microorganisms, lime, and calcium that can build up and make their way into the small tubes of the heat exchanger. A reduced water flow interferes with the heat transfer process. A cooling system flush can help prevent this from happening. But the other important check is the pump’s impeller.

On an outboard, an impeller pushes the water to the bottom side of the powerhead, is directed toward the thermostat and bypass valve, and when the thermostat reaches its manufactured operating temperature, opens to allow water circulation to maintain the proper fuel/oil mixture burn to prevent carbon buildup. The impeller and thermostat are the two pieces that need a checkup, but it’s the impeller that causes about 95 percent of engines overheating. “Regardless of the size engine powering your boat or generator, reduced water flow spells trouble,” says Arwood. “If your engine is overheating, you can bet that heat is also damaging your exhaust system. A quick check of your water pump impeller is a great way to avoid problems.”

Off the Back

On the exhaust side, it’s important to check for leaks in the piping, mufflers, connectors, elbows, and welds. A leak can fill the bilge with water or the boat with carbon monoxide. This could allow water to back into the diesel engine. “Signs of exhaust leakage can include black soot streaks around flanges or insulation blankets, blackened intake air filters or soot on horizontal surfaces of the engine room,” says Rick Boggs of EnerYacht and creator of the SeaClean diesel generator soot filtration system.

He suggests checking for corroded welds or piping and loose flange bolts or band clamps that can lead to failed gaskets. “Darkened fiberglass piping or yellowed paint on mufflers or water separators and darkened areas on silicone connectors downstream of the mixer tank or spray ring (where water is injected into the exhaust pipe) are signs of overheating,” he says. Causes can be low raw-water flow or blocked or eroded ports in the spray ring that lead to poor distribution or lack of cooling water.

Centek Industries also points out that an engine that spends a lot of time at idle or slow speeds may not get adequate water flow to cool exhaust temperatures and cause water to seep from a damaged area. Also look for salt deposits on the muffler. They appear as a white chalky substance and indicate a spot where water is escaping, which indicates that the muffler probably experienced overheating. Boggs reminds boat owners that good insulation blankets can reduce engine room heat and fire risk. But “carefully check all insulation for the presence of oil or fuel soaking, as this is an extreme fire hazard.”

Atwood adds that the two areas vulnerable to obstruction are the water pickup point and the water discharge. As it happens, both are usually easy to check. “Something as small as a dirt dauber nest in the discharge line or thru-hull fitting can cause overheating problems.”

Exhaust System Checklist

To help avoid problems with your exhaust system this coming season, Centek suggests running through this exhaust system checklist.

1. Inspect and replace worn impellers.

2. Check the water pump and replace or repair as needed.

3. All screens and traps should be free of debris.

4. Check all hoses and clamps for wear, and make sure clamps are tight and secure.

5. Make sure seacocks are open and functioning properly before startup.

6. Check external rubber flappers for cracks, dry rot or other damage.

7. Thru-hulls should be free of obstruction. Check to make sure a critter hasn’t made a winter home in the exhaust tube or muffler.

8. Visually inspect the muffler for signs of damage from excessive heat. This include bubbling or flaking paint, discoloration, melted stickers, and/or salt deposits.

By Steve Davis, Southern Boating May 2018

Still hot? Try Air Conditioner Maintenance

Anchor Storage Bag from Fortress Marine

Keeping a second anchor for emergencies or extra hold is a good idea. This is especially if it’s protected by an anchor storage bag.

Thanks to Fortress Marine, you can now get an anchor storage bag that fits its line of Fortress and Guardian model anchors.

The anchor storage bag, dubbed the Stowaway Bag, is built to be tough. The bag is made from Cordura fabric and contains spare fluke clip, nut and bolt and two wrenches.

There’s also room for six feet of chain.

MSRP starts at $59.95;

fortressanchors.com

More boating systems

AtlasTrax GPS System

Keep track of your boat when you’re away with the new AtlasTrax MiniTrax GPS Satellite Tracking System.

The device measures 3×2 inches and can be mounted in a hidden spot. It sends alerts if the boat moves outside a predetermined range.

AtlasTrax provides equipment and services to track your location while on the water. The GPS System keeps you connected with voice, data, and internet. AtlasTrax provides equipment and services for boats of all sizes and types on its proven boat tracking and monitoring system.

The AtlasTrax MiniTrax operates on external power with battery backup.

MSRP $450

atlastrax.com

Pump or Dump? Navigating Discharge Onboard

There are overboard pumpout restrictions. Most boaters know this. But many don’t think much about what your boat can discharge into the water, be it gray, black or from the bilge.

Perhaps your annual visit to the boatyard could include the filtration or treatment of one or more of these to keep our oceans and waterways safe and clean from boat discharge.

First, let’s look at gray water, which comes from the galley and shower sump. Unlike commercial vessels, recreational boats aren’t monitored or regulated for gray water discharge. That means you dump soap, shampoo, conditioner, lotion, dish detergent, shaving cream, grease, toothpaste, and phosphates into the water. Although boaters don’t need to deal with it, there are solutions to address the issue.

For example, a Wavebrite filter cleans gray water prior to discharge without the need for a gray-water holding tank. Install a filter, intelligent flow manifold, and pump between a boat’s supply drains and the overboard skin fitting. If your boatyard works with large or commercial vessels, they’ll be able to guide you on the choice of solutions.

Oil, gasoline, and lubricants can collect in the bilge of any size boat. These materials then mix with water and discharge overboard through the bilge pump, and that makes for a
toxic environment. The best solution is to keep your engine well tuned, check fuel lines and hoses regularly for leaks and drips and use an oil-absorbent pad below machinery. To go one step further, you can install an oil/water separator into the bilge discharge line. If you have a large boat, ask your yard for guidance on systems from makers such as Ingersoll Rand or Skimoil.

EPA Input

Finally, there’s the issue of black water or sewage disposal. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the law on the discharge of black water reads “All boats operating in U.S. waters with permanently installed toilets are required by federal law to have on board a Marine Sanitation Device (MSD) that either hold human waste until it can be transferred ashore, or reduces the coliform count to such low levels that discharged sewage poses no public health hazard.” Recreational vessels 65 feet and smaller may use a Type I, II or III MSD. Type I and II are “flow-through” systems that utilize a holding tank for a chemical or biological-based treatment prior to discharge, and Type III utilizes a holding tank or similar device that only allows for pump-out.

Of course, living with holding tanks can be a stinky affair that marine companies have tackled in different ways. One approach is to pump air into the tank to promote the
growth of aerobic bacteria that consumes the odor-producing anaerobic bacteria. Groco’s SweetTank uses a three-watt pump that injects air into the bottom of the holding tank to lower odor. While this method doesn’t treat the sewage for discharge, it does make it easier to live with.

Raritan addressed the problem with their Electro Scan, a U.S.C.G.-approved Type I MSD
that uses electrodes to convert saltwater into a bactericide. Without the use of chemicals, the treated water meets EPA standards for overboard discharge. The 12-volt system has a convenient touchpad interface, is plumbed to one or two heads, and used with electric or manual toilets.

No matter what kind, discharge water is not fun to work with, and the solutions may not be readily available at the chandlery. That’s where your boatyard comes in. The yard will know other alternatives and can take on the plumbing dirty work. Now, you don’t have to worry about what your boat is slyly shedding into our waters.

By Susan Walker, Southern Boating March 2018

See more from the Annual Haul Out Guide

The Best Types of Fire Suppression Systems

Other than “Man overboard!” hearing “Fire!” may be the most frightening sound aboard a vessel. So what is the best type of fire suppression system for your boat? And how do they work?

Approximately 90 percent of onboard fires start in the engine room and more than half occur because of electrical wiring issues. A fixed fire suppression system that triggers automatically is your best bet to fight a blaze early when there’s still a good chance of keeping it contained.

Today’s top fire suppression systems use the combination of a fire-suppression system in the engine room and smoke detectors in the enclosed cabins.

Fireboy-Xintex, Sea-Fire, and Kidde are well-known makers of automatic fire suppression equipment for recreational boating and although some are DIY, more complex iterations are best left to boatyards that are savvy in the installation and servicing of these products. Here are five things to know about pre- or custom-engineered fire suppression systems.

1. Determine the space and measure the area you are trying to protect.

Size your system appropriately by measuring total cubic feet. For example, Fireboy systems are available to protect engine rooms and machinery spaces from 25 cubic feet to 17,300 cubic feet. “Pre-engineered systems are available for up to 4,000 cubic feet and should be installed exactly per the manual instructions,” says Keith Larson, vice president of sales and marketing for Fireboy-Xintex. Many extinguisher systems are designed to automatically discharge in 10 seconds whenever the space ambient temperature reaches 175 degrees Fahrenheit, but it’s important to install a manual override, as well.

2. Decide on the suppression agent.

Let’s look at the different kinds of boat fires. Boats carry fuel, batteries, propane, alcohol, wood, plastic, and fabric. When these materials burn, a specific type of chemical agent
fire extinguisher is required to suppress the fire.

These are the three most common classes of fire aboard recreational boats in the 15-to-60-foot range:

Class A

Class A (ordinary combustibles) fires are paper, plastic and fiber fires, including cabinets, berths and hatch covers, and synthetic materials such as cushion vinyl, foam and fabric covers and bedding.

“It’s also important to have your passengers aware of what to do if a boat fire does occur,” explains Keith Larson, vice president of sales and marketing for Fireboy-Xintex, a leading marine fire-suppression equipment manufacturer. “A paper, fuel or electrical fire can burn so fast that the boat is gone and your passengers are in danger. What’s more, poisonous smoke can cause people to panic and lead to health problems.”

Class B

Class B (flammable gases/liquids) fires are diesel, gasoline and propane fires and can
quickly ignite the rest of the boat. Shut off the source of the fuel, if possible.

Class C

Class C (electrical equipment) fires are electrical and can start other classes of fires. Attempt to shut down the electricity first, if safe.

For the engine room, it’s best to choose an extinguishing agent that is effective for surface fires of all three types.

The Coast Guard mandates that all boats have a B-I or B-II classification portable fire extinguisher on board. Mount the extinguishers in an accessible position. Remember, a B-I or B-II portable won’t put out a Class A or Class C fire. Upgrade to an ABC classification fire extinguisher; it’s not a huge expense. Fighting a boat fire with a portable extinguisher is a risky endeavor, especially because most fires start in the engine room.

3. Determine the best location for installation.

A fixed automatic fire-suppression system in the engine room and smoke detectors in the living spaces are essential. To determine what you need, measure the square footage of the engine room. If you can’t do it yourself, hire a fire protection professional to measure your space.

Most agent storage tanks can be mounted horizontally or vertically, which is good because space comes at a premium in most engine rooms and also inside the protected space and/or remotely through fixed piping and nozzles.

“Sea-Fire provides design guides for vessel owners which allow them to easily identify the size and type of fire system necessary to protect their vessel’s engine compartment,” says Steve Ellis, Jr., marketing director for Sea-Fire Marine, another leading manufacturer. “Specifying a fixed fire suppression system can be as simple as taking a few measurements. Providing the volume of the engine compartment is all that is necessary to specify a vessel with a fixed fire suppression system.”

4. Determine the necessary peripherals and legal issues.

If the system discharges under way, shut down the engine, generator and bilge blower to stop the motors from sucking in additional oxygen. Larson points out that the U.S.C.G. requires an engine shutdown module and a system status display at the helm. Also, install the manufacturer-supplied bracket to meet U.S.C.G. standards, and don’t forget about required carbon monoxide and smoke detectors.

5. Cost

“For a 50-foot boat, expect a cost of $2,500-3,000,” says Larson. That will depend on the access to the engine room and the complexity of the system. But when you put the cost up against the loss of your boat, or worse, it becomes a small price to pay for peace of mind.

Pre-engineered systems protect spaces up to a specific volume. If an owner can provide the length, width, and height of their engine compartment, an off-the-shelf system can be found at West Marine or through other boat supply stores. A 300-square-foot engine room can be set up for about $1,500, while a 750-square foot space costs around $2,900. An engine shutdown system for diesel-powered boats is an additional cost, but worth it.

Wiring is necessary for both automatic and manual (cable) activation and is usually the most time-consuming part of the job. Don’t install the units near intake vents. That’s where drawn-in air can fuel the fire or cool the system’s temperature-sensitive trigger, potentially causing a delay in discharge. Make sure the system is readily accessible and includes ongoing maintenance, including periodic inspections and testing.

If you’ve ever seen the result of an onboard fire, it’s a terrifying sight. Put a thorough inspection of an existing fire suppression system or the installation of a new one at the top of your list.

How it Works

Fireboy-Xintex and Sea-Fire use clean agents, such as HFC-227ea and 3M Novec 1230. Rated for B and C fires, neither leave a residue after discharge, are environmentally responsible, and safe to human exposure. 3M Novec 1230 offers almost no global warming potential but is slightly more expensive than HFC-227ea. Boat owners should consider using the Novec 1230 because there are no known adverse effects on the environment from the agent, and it’s one the industry is embracing.

After the clean agent releases, wait 15 minutes for the fire to die completely. Then you can open the hatch, allow time for the affected area to clear the air and find out where the fire started.

By Zuzana Prochazka & Doug Thompson Southern Boating

See more from the Annual Haul Out Guide

Uflex Paddle Trim and Barker Boatworks

The Uflex Paddle Trim System is changing the game.

Uflex’s innovative trim system is similar to paddle shifters in high-end sports cars. Multiple options are available for controlling the engine trim and tilt, trim tabs, jack plates, and other onboard systems. The Uflex Paddle Trim system offers captains full control while out on the water and has recently been adopted by Barker Boats.

The Paddle Trim system is a useful tool for boaters, especially sport fishermen; the system is helpful when cruising to favorite fishing spots. Similar to the paddle trim seen in cars, the Uflex system allows the captain to control his engine trim while in shallow waters or trim tabs while up on plane. The system enables users to focus more on fishing and put less effort into maneuvering his vessel.

Many high-end boat support Uflex Paddle Trim, such as Barker Boatworks–creator of specialty fishing boats.

At the 2015 Miami Boat Show, Barker Boatworks gave the Paddle Trim system a try and was featured on Barkers first ever boat, HULL #1, released at the show. That Paddle Trim system was a prototype, but Kevin Barker, the founder of Barker Boatworks, knew right away it was a system worth using.

Three years later, Barker Boatworks is still sporting the Paddle Trim. Barker Boats cruise the waters of the Chesapeake Bay, the shorelines of Texas and everywhere in between.

A comment Barker Boatworks often receives from their customers is how much they love the Paddle Trim System. “We will absolutely be continuing to use the Uflex Paddle Trim in our boats”, says Kevin Barker. “We only put the best in our boats.”

Together Uflex and Barker Boatworks create an ultimate experience for their customers to enjoy cruising, fishing, and time on the water.

Uflex

6442 Parkland Drive, Sarasota, Florida
Ryan Albers ralbers@uflexusa.com
Kirsten Corssen – Kirsten@socialnavigator.net
Uflexusa.com

Barker Boatworks

7910 25th Ct E #115, Sarasota, FL 34243, USA
Kevin Barker – Kevin@barkerboatworks.com
Barkerboatworks.com

Potable Water Filtration for Your Boat

Tank water—ugh. Taste aside, some water is full of contaminants and is downright unsafe to drink. So, installation and servicing of a potable water filtration system should be near the top of your haul-out project list this spring.

Beyond the Brita and the dedicated under-sink filters, you may need the assistance of a boatyard to install and/or service water filtration systems.

Why filter?

Filters improve the taste, odor, and clarity of tank and local water sources. Some systems can do even more by removing 99.99 percent of common waterborne bacteria and parasitic cysts. The simplest is the inline system, and it’s great if you want filtered water for more than just drinking (washing produce, for example) due to a faster flow rate than a separate or dedicated system.

Inline filter brands

Yacht-Mate, Shurflow and General Ecology’s Seagull systems are excellent for inline filtration. The Seagull IV protects against chemical and aesthetic contaminants, including herbicides, pesticides, chlorine and foul tastes, and odors, and it can work with your existing faucet so there are no new holes to cut.

3M’s AP902/AP903 single cartridge water filtration system helps provide consistent high-quality water for whole boat filtration at flow rates of up to 20 gallons per minute (gpm). That means you can brush your teeth or wash your hair in filtered water.

What else will help water purity aboard?

A dockside pre-filtration system will help with city water that’s already potable but, perhaps, not of the best quality. General Ecology’s system, for example, removes particulates like sand, dirt, scale, and chlorine and will help prevent corrosion of aluminum water tanks and extend the life of inline purifier cartridges already
installed. It doesn’t remove viruses or bacteria, but it may help minimize water spots, which makes the boat easier to keep clean.

Reverse osmosis or watermaker water is perhaps the purest you can imbibe. That will depend on the quality of the source water and the shape of your system. Hence, why it’s important to have the yard service your system at least annually.

Full-size, high-quality watermakers, such as those from Blue Water Desalination, Dometic, FCI, HRO, Sea Recovery, Village Marine, or Watermakers, Inc. may require an upgrade in the vessel’s power capacity (battery banks or genset). Their worth will become evident, however, once you’re offshore or in the Caribbean where the alternative is poor quality
water piped through a local hose or jerry cans lugged in the dinghy.

Inline water filtration and reverse osmosis considerations:

Expense: Filtration isn’t cheap. A small Seagull system can initially cost $500 with cartridges running $100 (good for 1,000 gallons or so). Also, boatyard labor may be
required for installation and servicing of inline filters as well as watermakers.
Availability: Not all filters and cartridges are available everywhere, so if you’re cruising, bring spares.
Installation and maintenance: Some inline filters need to be fairly close to the faucet or mounted vertically. This may be a problem in space-constricted areas. Make sure you can access the filter to service it and choose a clear casing so you can inspect it visually without opening it.

Work with the yard

Watermakers can take up significant space, so work with the yard on which brands are modular and can be installed in multiple locations aboard. Have a boatyard technician walk you through the care and maintenance of the watermaker, and never make
water near a muddy or industrial waterfront—you’ll destroy those filters in an afternoon.

Any water you make or clean will remain only as good as the tanks and plumbing through which it moves. Be sure to have the boatyard inspect every part of the path and polish those water tanks just like the fuel ones. Growth inside tanks, especially plastic ones, will provide a taste that’s best avoided in that cup of tea.

By Zuzana Prochazka, Southern Boating March 2018

See more from the Annual Haul Out Guide

Opacmare’s Adjustable Swim Platform

Opacmare’s New SAFE High-Low Platform System

Whether swimming or engaging in water sports, Opacmare’s New SAFE High-Low Platform System adjusts to three levels for fun in the water. When fully lowered underwater, the adjustable swim platform prevents engines from starting, and if the engines are running, the platform cannot be lowered.

When the platform is set to its highest position, engines can fully trim up for maintenance or trailering. The platform is available for mono- or catamaran hulls up to 50 feet and up to four outboards.

MSRP varies

opacmaredealer.com

Onboard Storage Solutions for Your Boat

Get creative with these onboard storage solutions for your boat.

Storage space is at a premium on a boat, and your annual haul out is an ideal time to add new storage solutions or customize existing areas. If your boat’s interior seating is
well past its lifespan, consider utilizing hinged seat cushions that lift up for customized storage areas beneath. Just be careful not to fill up your newfound storage with items you
don’t really need. (See the article in this section, “Lose the Weight” ) The first step is to evaluate your storage needs based on how you typically use your boat. Avid anglers, for example, may want customized storage for their rods, reels, lures, assorted tackle, and anything else they prefer to store aboard rather than carting it to and from the car each fishing trip.

Go shallow

If all you need is a few inches of height for items like fishing rods, consider a pull-out drawer at the base of your settee or under the dining area, which offers large width and depth. Another shallow-height option is in a stateroom with stacked bunks. Ask your yard to raise the upper bunk several inches and add hydraulic lift supports and hinges to easily access a 3 to 4-inch-high storage space underneath.

Small but useful

With a little ingenuity, even the smallest areas can be used to store items that would otherwise be cluttering the common areas. Using store-bought supplies (3M Command plastic hooks, small suction cups, Velcro, see-through plastic organizers, etc.) consider how best to use these underutilized spaces:

Under center console seat (strap mesh pouches to hold sunscreen)
Plastic organizer on the inside of cupboard doors for chargers and cords
On the walls and from the ceiling

In plain sight

Sometimes, additional storage solutions for your boat are right under your nose! Or under the table. If your dining table or salon side tables are free-standing, swap out the solid base or legs for a custom hollow base that has drawers or shelves to store glassware, liquor or wine; you’re limited only by your imagination. If your boat has steps that haven’t been designed to utilize as storage space, doing so may only require a simple modification. Ask your yard to determine if this is an option.

Pack light!

When you invite non-boating guests for a day or weekend, consider the size of your boat and available room to store their bags and gear. Make sure you inform them of all the items they should not bring.

By L.N. Evans, Southern Boating Magazine March 2018